What is a codicil and how is it legally executed?

A codicil is a formal amendment to an existing will. To be legally valid in Pennsylvania, it must be executed with the same formalities as the original document. This includes being signed by the testator, witnessed, and supported by a notarized self-proving affidavit. When the time comes, the codicil must be probated alongside the original will to be effective. Learn more about Pennsylvania wills.

Why do many attorneys now prefer a new will over a codicil?

Modern word processing has made creating a clean, new will very simple. Codicils have fallen out of favor because they result in two separate documents that must be read together. This increases the risk that the documents will conflict with one another or that one of the pieces will be lost, causing complications during the probate process. Learn more about Pennsylvania wills.

When is it appropriate to use a codicil instead of a full replacement?

A codicil is generally reserved for trivial changes to a will that is otherwise up to date. Examples include updating a beneficiary's home address or adding a small, specific bequest. If the modification is minor and does not affect the core structure of the estate plan, a codicil may still be a functional option. Learn more about Pennsylvania wills.

Which types of changes require a completely new will?

You should replace your will entirely if you are making significant changes to your estate plan. This includes appointing new executors, changing guardians for minor children, or altering residuary beneficiaries. Additionally, any changes involving the tax structure of the estate should be handled through a new will rather than a simple amendment. Learn more about Pennsylvania wills.

PA Codicil vs. New Will

By Sean Quinlan, Esq. · Updated January 15, 2025

Pennsylvania last will and testament with a fountain pen on an attorney's walnut desk

A codicil is an amendment to an existing will, executed with the same formalities (signed, witnessed, notarized self-proving). It must be probated together with the original will.

Why codicils fall out of favor

Word processing makes a clean replacement trivial. A codicil creates two documents that must be read together, increasing the risk of conflict or one being lost.

When a codicil still works

A trivial change — adding a small bequest, changing one beneficiary's address — to an otherwise current will.

When to replace

Any change to executors, residuary beneficiaries, guardians, or tax structure should trigger a new will.

Frequently asked

Common questions

Disclaimer

This article is general information about Pennsylvania law as of the update date above. It is not legal advice for your situation and does not create an attorney-client relationship. For advice on your specific facts, please schedule a consultation.

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